Six Steps to Success with Wind-Assisted Propulsion Technologies: Insights from Jonas Lundqvist, Naval Architect at Njord

Six Steps to Success with Wind-Assisted Propulsion Technologies: Insights from Jonas Lundqvist, Naval Architect at Njord

As the maritime industry continues its pursuit of decarbonisation, wind-assisted propulsion systems (WAPS) have emerged as a promising solution. Jonas Lundqvist, a naval architect at Njord, shares his expertise on navigating the complexities of implementing these technologies. Here, we delve into six critical areas of consideration.
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1. Designing Wind-Assisted Propulsion Systems for Vessel-Specific Needs and Routes

Effective design begins with a deep understanding of a vessel’s operational profile. Lundqvist emphasises the importance of aligning WAPS with a ship’s specifications and trading routes. For instance, bulk carriers with crane operations may face challenges with large wing sails that could disrupt port activities.

“You need to adjust the technology to the vessel’s operational level,” Lundqvist explains. “Regulatory compliance, visibility, and stability are additional factors to consider.” Adhering to these considerations ensures optimal functionality without compromising safety or efficiency. Retrofits, he notes, require careful assessment of deck space and structural capabilities to accommodate the technology.
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‍2. Understanding and Comparing Different Wind-Assisted Propulsion Systems

Among the prevalent WAPS are Flettner rotors, suction wings, and wing sails. Each has distinct characteristics:

• Flettner Rotors: Cylindrical structures that generate thrust through rotation. They require significant auxiliary power but excel in beam winds.

• Suction Wings: Compact and efficient, these use boundary layer control to achieve high thrust. They’re ideal for both beam and headwinds but also depend on auxiliary power.

• Wing Sails: Resembling airplane wings, they are simpler mechanically and perform well in headwinds and tailwinds but require larger surface areas.

Lundqvist underscores that installation complexity and maintenance differ across systems, with moving parts like hydraulics adding to upkeep requirements.
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3. Technical Considerations for Vessels and Their Trading Routes

When choosing a WAPS, operational constraints are paramount. Factors such as air draft, visibility requirements, and auxiliary power availability must be assessed. For instance, ships frequently navigating low-clearance bridges might need tiltable sails, which add to costs but enhance flexibility.

“A tailored approach is essential,” Lundqvist states. “Not all technologies suit every vessel; the best business case comes from case-by-case evaluation.”
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4. Overcoming Challenges in Implementing Wind-Assisted Propulsion

Implementation hurdles often stem from unclear assumptions about vessel operations. “In tramp shipping, predicting routes and speeds is challenging, which complicates the business case,” Lundqvist observes. He highlights the lack of standardised performance metrics among suppliers, leading to a “jungle” of performance predictions based on differing calculation methods that can confuse shipowners.

To mitigate these challenges, Lundqvist advises using data-driven analyses and third-party expertise to validate performance predictions. He also stresses the importance of aligning crew and terminal operators with new technologies to ensure seamless integration.
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5. Key Insights on Selecting the Right System for Specific Vessels

Selecting the right WAPS involves evaluating several critical factors:

• Operational Profile: Assess trading routes and cargo operations to identify constraints.

• Capital Costs and Payback Periods: With ROI expectations tightening, shipowners are increasingly seeking technologies with payback periods under three years. However, Lundqvist notes a growing willingness among industry leaders to invest in larger, long-term returns.

• Utilisation Post-Installation: “Savings don’t end with installation,” Lundqvist remarks. Optimised weather routing and active crew engagement are vital for maximising benefits.
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6. Strategic Advice for Shipowners

For shipowners navigating the adoption of WAPS, Lundqvist offers three key insights:

1. Get Assumptions Right: Ensure business cases are based on realistic operational scenarios.

2. Scrutinise Supplier Data: Understand the calculations behind performance claims to avoid overpromises.

3. Avoid Over-engineering: Simplicity reduces costs and operational complexity. For instance, fixed sails may suffice for many routes, negating the need for tiltable options.
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Wind-assisted propulsion is not just a technological leap; it’s a cultural and operational shift, requiring shipowners to rethink their strategies and take actionable steps to align their operations with emerging sustainability goals. By integrating insights like those shared by Lundqvist, the maritime industry can harness wind power to propel a more sustainable future.  

For more insights on wind-assisted propulsion systems, explore our other opinion pieces: “How to Assess Wind Assisted Propulsion (WAPS): Balancing Costs, Benefits, and Practicalities” and “De-Mystifying ROI on Wind Assisted Propulsion Systems (WAPS).” Dive deeper into the practicalities, financial considerations, and strategic benefits of WAPS to navigate the path toward sustainable maritime operations.

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